Currently, energy generated from oil and gas is considered the world’s primary energy source. Despite a 50-fold increase in renewable and nuclear energy over the past two decades, oil and gas have maintained their dominant share in the global energy mix.

Environmental advocacy organizations have undertaken significant initiatives to reduce and eliminate polluting fuels, especially fossil fuels. However, there is a long way to go to achieve clean energy access for all communities. Oil and gas, due to extensive national and international infrastructure, will continue to play a crucial role in meeting a significant portion of the world’s future energy demands.

Furthermore, due to geopolitical tensions in the energy market, particularly regarding oil, reputable international research centers in most developed countries have conducted short-term, medium-term, and especially long-term forecasts to prepare for risks, hazards, instability, and uncertainty in global energy markets, particularly oil.